Year: 2017

The first of two «This week’s publication» is from the Neurology section. MD PhD student Margrethe Raspotnig is the second author of this European collaborative study: Prostate cancer, Hu antibodies and paraneoplastic neurological syndromes.
Storstein A, Raspotnig M, Vitaliani R, Giometto B, Graus F, Grisold W, Honnorat J, Vedeler CA. J Neurol. 2016; 26:1001-7.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among American and European men. Nervous system affection caused by local tumor growth or osseous metastases are the main causes of neurological symptoms in prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer is rarely reported in association with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS). We have, therefore, studied clinical and paraclinical findings of a series of patients with prostate cancer and PNS, and reviewed cases reported in the literature. Case histories of 14 patients with definite PNS from the PNS Euronetwork database and from the authors’ databases were reviewed. A PubMed literature search identified 23 patients with prostate cancer and PNS. Thus, a total of 37 case histories were reviewed with respect to syndrome type, cancer evolution, paraclinical investigations, antibody status, treatment and outcome. The three most frequent isolated PNS were paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis (PEM)/limbic encephalitis and subacute sensory neuronopathy (SSN). Onconeural antibodies were detected in 23 patients, in most cases the Hu antibody (17 patients, 74 % of all antibody-positive cases). Other well-characterized onconeural antibodies (Yo, CV2/CRMP5, amphiphysin, VGCC antibodies) were found in a minority. PNS was diagnosed prior to prostate cancer diagnosis in 50 % of the cases. The association of PNS with prostate cancer is quite infrequent, but clinically important. PNS often heralds prostate cancer diagnosis. Syndromes associated with Hu antibodies predominate. Another tumor more prone to associate with PNS should always be excluded.

Read the entire publication here.

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The second «This week’s publication» is from the Anxiety Research Network, Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland Univeristy Hospital. The PhD candidate Arne Kodal is the first author of the study: “Subtyping social anxiety in youth”. Co-authors included distinct researchers from UIB, Professor Odd Havik from the Faculty of Psychology and Professor Ingvar Bjelland from the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry.

Few empirical studies have examined subtypes of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in youth, and limited consensus resides on the nature of potential subtypes. Identifying subtypes, based on both fear and avoidance patterns can help improve assessment and treatment of SAD.

The research is based on a large joint study between Haukeland University Hospital and UIB investigating anxiety treatment in children and youth. Subtypes of fear and avoidance were examined in a sample comprising 131 youth (age 8–15 years) diagnosed with SAD. Exploratory factor analysis of fear responses revealed three factors, defining fear subtypes linked to: (1) performance, (2) observation, and (3) interaction situations. Exploratory factor analysis of avoidance responses revealed only one avoidance factor. Few youth qualified exclusively for either of the fear subtypes, thus calling into question the clinical utility of these subtypes including the performance only subtype described in DSM-5. Nevertheless, the findings indicate distinct contributions of fear and avoidance in SAD presentation. This finding may help clinicians target and improve treatment of social anxiety in youth.

Read the entire publication here.

Publikasjonene er basert på Pubmed- søket «Department of Clinical Medicine AND Bergen».  Om noen har publikasjoner som ikke ble dekt av våre søk i Pubmed, ta kontakt med anne.kolmannskog@uib.no.

Nivå 2

• Clinical Features, Molecular Heterogeneity, and Prognostic Implications in YARS2-Related Mitochondrial Myopathy.Sommerville EW, Ng YS, Alston CL, Dallabona C, Gilberti M, He L, Knowles C, Chin SL, Schaefer AM, Falkous G, Murdoch D, Longman C, de Visser M, Bindoff LA, Rawles JM, Dean JC, Petty RK, Farrugia ME, Haack TB, Prokisch H, McFarland R, Turnbull DM, Donnini C, Taylor RW, Gorman GS.JAMA Neurol. 2017 Apr 10.

Nivå 1

• Subtyping social anxiety in youth.Kodal A, Bjelland I, Gjestad R, Wergeland GJ, Havik OE, Heiervang ER, Fjermestad K.J Anxiety Disord. 2017 Apr 2;49:40-47.
• Preventing persistent organ support in ICU patients.Willems S, Bouyssié D, David M, Locard-Paulet M, Mechtler K, Schwämmle V, Uszkoreit J, Vaudel M, Dorfer V.J Proteomics. 2017 Apr 3.
• In vitro Monocyte IL-6 Secretion Levels Following Stimulation with Autologous Spheroids Derived from Tumour or Benign Mucosa Predict Long-term Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.Aarstad HJ, Aarstad HH, Vintermyr OK, Kross KW, Lybak S, Heimdal JH. Scand J Immunol. 2017 Mar;85(3):211-219.
• Reply: Role of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Paediatric Practice: An EFSUMB Position Statement. Sidhu PS, Cantisani V, Deganello A, Dietrich CF, Duran C, Franke D, Harkanyi Z, Kosiak W, Miele V, Ntoulia A, Piskunowicz M, Sellars M, Gilja OH.Ultraschall Med. 2017 Apr 11.
• Pathomechanisms of renal Fabry disease.Eikrem Ø, Skrunes R, Tøndel C, Leh S, Houge G, Svarstad E, Marti HP.Cell Tissue Res. 2017 Apr 12.
• EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultrasound Elastography, Update 2017 (Long Version). Dietrich CF, Bamber J, Berzigotti A, Bota S, Cantisani V, Castera L, Cosgrove D, Ferraioli G, Friedrich-Rust M, Gilja OH, Goertz RS, Karlas T, de Knegt R, de Ledinghen V, Piscaglia F, Procopet B, Saftoiu A, Sidhu PS, Sporea I, Thiele M.Ultraschall Med. 2017 Apr 13.
• EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultrasound Elastography, Update 2017 (Short Version).Dietrich CF, Bamber J, Berzigotti A, Bota S, Cantisani V, Castera L, Cosgrove D, Ferraioli G, Friedrich-Rust M, Gilja OH, Goertz RS, Karlas T, de Knegt R, de Ledinghen V, Piscaglia F, Procopet B, Saftoiu A, Sidhu PS, Sporea I, Thiele M.Ultraschall Med. 2017 Apr 13.
• Genetic landscape of sporadic vestibular schwannoma. Håvik AL, Bruland O, Myrseth E, Miletic H, Aarhus M, Knappskog PM, Lund-Johansen M.J Neurosurg. 2017 Apr 14:1-12.
• Different incidences of knee arthroplasty in the Nordic countries.NiemeläInen MJ, MäKelä KT, Robertsson O, W-Dahl A, Furnes O, Fenstad AM, Pedersen AB, Schrøder HM, Huhtala H, Eskelinen A.Acta Orthop. 2017 Apr;88(2):173-178.
• Similar migration in computer-assisted and conventional total knee arthroplasty.Petursson G, Fenstad AM, Gøthesen Ø, Haugan K, Dyrhovden GS, Hallan G, Röhrl SM, Aamodt A, Nilsson KG, Furnes O.Acta Orthop. 2017 Apr;88(2):166-172.
• Effect of prolonged targeted temperature management on left ventricular myocardial function after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – A randomised, controlled trial. Grejs AM, Nielsen BRR, Juhl-Olsen P, Gjedsted J, Sloth E, Heiberg J, Frederiksen CA, Jeppesen AN, Duez CHV, Hamre PD, Søreide E, Kirkegaard H.Resuscitation. 2017 Apr 2;115:23-31.
•  The monopolisation of emergency medicine in Europe: the flipside of the medal. De Robertis E, Böttiger BW, Søreide E, Mellin-Olsen J, Theiler L, Ruetzler K, Hinkelbein J, Brazzi L, Thies KC; ESAEBA taskforce on Critical Emergency Medicine. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2017 May;34(5):251-253.

This week’s publication is from the neurology section. Dr. Kristin Varhaug is the first author of the study:

Increased levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis
Mitochondrion. 2016 Dec 23. pii: S1567-7249(16)30285-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2016.12.003. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 28017684

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can act as damage-associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP) and initiate an inflammatory response. We hypothesized that the concentration of mtDNA might reflect inflammatory activity in multiple sclerosis and, therefore, investigated levels of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Significantly higher levels of mtDNA were found in patients compared to controls and there was an inverse correlation between disease duration and the concentration of mtDNA. Our study suggests that mitochondria can be involved early in multiple sclerosis, but whether this is as an initiator of the inflammatory response, part of its maintenance or a secondary phenomenon is unclear. Nevertheless, our study suggests that changes in mtDNA may provide a novel marker for early disease activity.

Bildet er hentet fra følgeden nettside

Kristin Varhaug has recently also published a review on the role of mitochondria in the degenerative processes of multiple sclerosis:

Multiple sclerosis – a mitochondria-mediated disease?
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2017 Feb 21;137(4):284-287. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0210. eCollection 2017 Feb 21. Norwegian.

Kristin Varhaug has applied for a PhD scholarship to pursue her interesting new findings that suggest multiple sclerosis is not only an inflammatory, but also a degenerative disease.